Renal Problems

Acute Renal Failure: rapid loss of nephritic function with progressive azotemia (accumulation of nitrogenous waste products such(prenominal) as urea nitrogen and creatinine in the daub). Uremia is the ensure in which renal function declines to the point that symptoms develop in septuple body systems. oliguria, urinary output of less than cd ml/day. develops over hours or days with progressive elevations of seam urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and potassium with or without oliguria. Most ordinarily fol unkepts severe, extended hypotension or Hypovolemia or nephrotoxic element exposure. Types: Prerenal: receivable to factors external to the kidneys that reduce renal blood course & break to reduced glomerular perfusion & filtration. These include hypovolemia, decreased cardiac output, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, vascular check, myocardial infarction, and burns. -Oliguria occurs as the kidneys respond to the decreased blood f clinical depression by initiate the RAAS , which results in sodium and water conservation. Decreased renal perfusion overly decreases head of wastes (azotemia). As decreased perfusion continues, the kidneys lose their ability to lock up in compensatory mechanisms & intrarenal defile to renal tissue occurs. -The result is low urine output, a rise in BUN & blood serum creatinine proportionate to each other (ratio > 10:1), and the unfitness of the kidneys to uphold sodium. Intrarenal: conditions that pee direct damage to the renal tissue, resulting in afflicted nephron function. This is usually caused by prolonged ischemia, nephrotoxins (antibiotics, differentiate media, aminoglycoside), hemoglobin from hemolyzed RBCs, or myoglobin from necrotic muscle cells. Nephrotoxins can cause obstruction of intrarenal structures by crystallization or actual damage to the epithelial cells of the tubules. Primary renal diseases such as ague glomerulonephritis and general lupus erythematosus may also cause ARF. Hemoglobin and myoglobin block! age the tubules...If you motivation to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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